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 Geplaatst: 24-05-2018 02:57:19 Onderwerp: of the local news portal which leaked |
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SAN FRANCISCO Cheap Men's Nike Air VaporMax 97 Japan Black , Aug. 5 (Xinhua) -- Two environmental engineers at Stanford University have developed a computational planning tool to help urban utilities combine two water supply strategies - collecting stormwater runoff and recycling treated wastewater - into an integrated system that replenishes aquifers.
While collecting stormwater runoff and recycling treated wastewater are usually separate processes that can create costly and underused infrastructure, underground aquifers that have been over-tapped for years are in need to be replenished and the U.S. federal government projects that 40 states across the country expect water shortages by 2024.
Inspired by water reuse leaders like Orange County in Southern California, Jonathan Bradshaw, a graduate student in civil and environmental engineering at Stanford, and Richard Luthy Cheap Men's Nike Air VaporMax 97 Metallic Gold , a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the university in Northern California, have worked out the hybrid approach and the planning tool, known as AquaCharge.
Utilities to collect stormwater are designed to channel rainfall during the wet season into "spreading basins," which are essentially leaky ponds that are porous enough for water to percolate back down to an aquifer. Although the approach is effective, engineers typically design the basins to be big enough to capture large volumes of water Cheap Nike Air VaporMax 97 Silver Bullet , and they remain largely idle through the dry months.
By some estimates, according to Stanford University in a news release this week announcing the development of AquaCharge, Los Angeles County's spreading basins on average percolate only 12 percent of their theoretical annual capacity.
Wastewater recycling poses different challenges. Some utilities treat wastewater to the point that it can be used safely for agricultural irrigation or certain industrial purposes, such as circulating through the cooling towers of a power plant. Such uses reduce the burden on aquifers or other water sources. However, regulations require that this recycled water be conveyed in a pipeline separate from drinking water pipes.
Although many utilities have a large potential to produce recycled water Cheap Off-White x Nike Air Vapormax Black , the high cost of such separate piping systems means that only a small fraction of this potential gets developed. So, most treated wastewater flows back into the sea, or into rivers and streams.
Being a leader in groundwater replenishment, Orange County purifies its wastewater so that it is clean enough to drink, then pumps the recycled water into spreading basins to recharge the underground aquifer. It is analogous to stormwater capture Cheap Off-White x Nike Air Vapormax White , except that the water source is purified wastewater.
California currently recycles about 15 percent of its available treated wastewater effluent. State water planners would like to double or triple that amount by 2030.
To assist local authorities in looking at their circumstances and in comparing the tradeoffs between different designs and finding the most cost-effective system in their region, the Stanford researchers created AquaCharge to combine what has been separate systems into a single approach to recharge groundwater, by making complex calculations that reveal costs and benefits of reuse strategies.
AquaCharge recently won three contest awards from the American Society of Civil Engineers.
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WARSAW, June 10 (Xinhua) -- Polish Prime Minister Ewa Kopacz Wednesday announced the dismissal of three ministers of her government, the Speaker of the Parliament Cheap Nike Air VaporMax 2.0 White/Black Shoes , Advisor to the prime minister and Coordinator of Special Forces.
Kopacz announced the Minister of Health Bartosz Arlukowicz, Minister of Finance Wlodzimierz Karpinski, and Minister of Sport and Tourism Andrzej Biernat asked for dismissal. Apart form the ministers, the Speaker of the Lower Chamber of Polish Parliament, Radoslaw Sikorski Cheap Women's Nike Air VaporMax Flyknit 2.0 Hot Punch Grey , also resigned from his office altogether with Jacek Rostowski, the Advisor to PM and Jacek Cichocki, the Coordinator of Special Forces.
These changes in Polish Government and Parliament are the effect of the online publication of several investigation files concerning the eavesdropping scandal.
The eavesdropping scandal came to light in June 2014, when the weekly ""Direct"" published a series of recordings made in three Warsaw's restaurants between July 2013 and June 2014. The recorded people included top-level politicians, former and current ministers Cheap Nike Air VaporMax Flyknit 2.0 Dusty Cactus Black , and businessmen. Immediately after the publication in June 2014, Public Prosecutor General launched the investigation.
Almost a year later, on June 9, 2015, the local news portal published a number of pictures with the investigation files containing testimonies of the witnesses. The owner of the local news portal which leaked the files Cheap Men's Nike Air Vapormax 2 Flyknit Laser Orange Black , Zbigniew S., was arrested for public distribution of the investigation files, for which he can be charged up to two years in prison.
Kopacz said that ""for past two days the public opinion focuses only on the eavesdropping scandal, what has a negative influence on the functioning of the state.""
She added that ""the only effect of the lengthy investigation process is the huge Internet leak of the investigation files. This situation seriously questions the credibility of the prosecutor's office. That is why I will not acknowledge the 2014 report by Public Prosecutor General (Andrzej Seremet).""
""The only institutions, which should clarify these circumstances is efficiently working pro. |
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